Tiny to Vast
Plate reconstruction

Plate Tectonics Simulator

Follow today's countries through 200 million years of plate motion. Compare natural-color, country, and tectonic-block views, including 200,000 years ago.

10⁷ m · 12,742 km (Earth) · Three.js · Müller 2019 reconstruction

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Loading the plate model and geographic references…

Reading the reconstruction

Where was the land beneath today's countries?

Search 177 modern countries and territories, choose an age, and follow their land on the globe. Modern outlines are divided into model blocks and moved by the Müller et al. 2019 plate reconstruction. A country can span several blocks; the displayed point follows one fixed location within today's outline.

Can I see Earth 200,000 years ago?

Yes. The 200,000-year preset uses a dedicated 0.2 Ma model sample. The timeline runs from today to 200 million years ago, with interpolation between stored rotations. The position readout shows displacement from today, not total distance traveled along the plate's path.

What do the three map views show?

Natural color moves modern Earth imagery with the land. Countries colors modern national outlines. Tectonic blocks groups the land by its reconstruction plate ID. All three views use the same motion model; the block view does not display active oceanic plate boundaries.

Does this reconstruct ancient borders and landscapes?

Modern outlines are geographic references, not ancient political borders. This rigid-block model does not reconstruct deformation, ancient coastlines, terrain, ice, or vegetation. Gaps and overlaps can appear, and fragments outside the model's valid age range are omitted. Some small countries and islands are absent from the overview dataset.

Plate model and data sources

Full data credits and model notes